Selasa, 24 Maret 2015

TUGAS BAHASA INGGRIS 2


CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE 1,2 AND 3
Conditional tenses are used to speculate about what could happen, what might have happened, and what we wish would happen. In English, most sentences using the conditional contain the word if. Many conditional forms in English are used in sentences that include verbs in one of the past tenses. This usage is referred to as "the unreal past" because we use a past tense but we are not actually referring to something that happened in the past. There are five main ways of constructing conditional sentences in English. In all cases, these sentences are made up of an if clause and a main clause. In many negative conditional sentences, there is an equivalent sentence construction using "unless" instead of "if".
Conditional sentence type
Usage
If clause verb tense
Main clause verb tense
Type 1
A possible condition and its probable result
Simple present
Simple future
Type 2
A hypothetical condition and its probable result
Simple past
Present conditional or Present continuous conditional
Type 3
An unreal past condition and its probable result in the past
Past perfect
Perfect conditional

TYPE 1 CONDITIONAL
The type 1 conditional is used to refer to the present or future where the situation is real. The type 1 conditional refers to a possible condition and its probable result. In these sentences the if clause is in the simple present, and the main clause is in the simple future.
If clause
Main clause
If + simple present
simple future
If this thing happens
that thing will happen.
If you don't hurry
you will miss the train.
If it rains today
you will get wet.

TYPE 2 CONDITIONAL
The type 2 conditional is used to refer to a time that is now or any time, and a situation that is unreal. These sentences are not based on fact. The type 2 conditional is used to refer to a hypothetical condition and its probable result. In type 2 conditional sentences, the if clause uses the simple past, and the main clause uses the present conditional.
If clause
Main clause
If + simple past
present conditional or present continuous conditional
If this thing happened
that thing would happen. (but I'm not sure this thing will happen) OR
that thing would be happening.
If you went to bed earlier
you would not be so tired.
If it rained
you would get wet.
If I spoke Italian
I would be working in Italy.

TYPE 3 CONDITIONAL
The type 3 conditional is used to refer to a time that is in the past, and a situation that is contrary to reality. The facts they are based on are the opposite of what is expressed. The type 3 conditional is used to refer to an unreal past condition and its probable past result. In type 3 conditional sentences, the if clause uses the past perfect, and the main clause uses the perfect conditional.
If clause
Main clause
If + past perfect
perfect conditional or perfect continuous conditional
If this thing had happened
that thing would have happened. (but neither of those things really happened) OR that thing would have been happening.
If you had studied harder
you would have passed the exam.
If it had rained
you would have gotten wet.
If I had accepted that promotion
I would have been working in Milan.

Conditional Sentence Type 1
Example:
1.      If you have enough flour, you will bake a cake  this afternoon.
2.      If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation
3.      will make a tomato salad for the picnic tomorrow if the tomatoes in my garden are ripe.
4.      If she comes, I will give her the answer.
5.      If you study hard, you will pass the final exam.

Conditional Sentence Type 2
Example:
1.      wouldn’t be a student in this class if English were my native language
2.      I would fix your bicycle if I had a screwdriver of the proper
3.      If I found her address, I would send her an invitation.
4.      If my mother knows about this, we are in serious trouble.
5.      If i had enough money, I would go with you.

Conditional Sentence Type 3
Example:
1.      If he had studied hard, he would have passed the final exam.
2.      If I had had enough money, I would have gone with you.
3.      If the weather is nice tomorrow, we would have gone to the zoo
4.      If I became president, I would change the social security system
5.      If the team had played well, it would have won the competition.


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